A) Gerund
is a noun formed from verbs that are given a suffix -ing. We can use Gerund as
"Subject", "Complement", or "Object" in a
sentence
Example :
-
Swimming
make me happy. As “Subject”
-
Fanen’s hobby is swimming. As “Complement”
-
My mother really likes swimming. As “Object”
Gerund can change shape
to negative by adding "not."
Example:
-
Henree enjoys not singing.
-
The best thing for our hearts is not smoking.
B) Infinitive
is "to" which is added to the verb (Verb). Just like Gerund,
Infinitive can be used as "Subject", "Object", and
"Complement" from a sentence
Example :
-
To learn is so important for everyone.
As "Subject"
-
The most important thing in the world is
to learn. As "Complement
Infinitive can change
shape to negative by adding "not."
Example:
-
They decided not to go last night.
-
The most important thing in life is not
to give up.
C) Gerund
and Infinitive can be used as the subject or complement of a sentence. However,
if it is positioned as a subject or complement / complement, gerund usually
sounds more general in English, whereas infinitive is rarely used in these two
positions or even more abstract. In the examples below, gerund sounds more
natural and is more commonly used in everyday language than infinitive. The use
of Infinitive in everyday language means more possibilities or potential for
something more philosophical. If this seems confusing, just remember that 90%
of nouns or complements derived from verbs use Gerund.
Example
-
Learning
is so important for everyone. Subjects that appear normal
-
To
learn is so important for everyone. Abstract subject /
not commonly used
-
He most important thing in our lives is learning. Complements that appear
normal
-
The most important thing in our lives is
to learn. Extract supplements are
not commonly used
D) Gerund
or Infinitive as objects in a sentence tend to be more difficult. In certain
situations Gerund and the Infinitive cannot replace each other because usually
in this case the verb (verb) determines whether we must use Gerund or
Invinitive.
Example:
-
He enjoys swimming. “Enjoy
"followed by gerund.
-
He wants to come. "Want" is
followed by the infinitive.
E) Some
verbs are followed by gerund as an object.
List of verbs (verb) that must be
followed by gerund as an object:
-
Must be followed by gerund
-
Followed
by gerund or a noun + an infinitive
-
Followed
by gerund or infinitive with different meanings
-
Followed by gerund or infinitive with almost the same meaning
Admit, advise, allow, anticipate,
appreciate, avoid, begin, can't bear, can't help, can't see, an't stand, cease, complete, consider, continue, defend, delay, deny, despise, discuss, dislike,
don't mind, dread, encourage, enjoy, finish, forget, hate,
imagine, involve, keep, like, love, mention, mind, miss, need, neglect, permit,
postpone, practice, prefer, propose, quit, recall, recollect,
recommend, regret, remember,
report, require,
resent, resist, risk, start, stop,
suggest, tolerate, try, understand,
urge.
Example :
-
My mother suggested studying seriously.
-
Mani keeps talking about the secret.
F
